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HCAL 1275/2019
[2025] HKCFI 4935
IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE
HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW LIST
NO. 1275 OF 2019
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BETWEEN
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Balwinder Singh |
Applicant |
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and |
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Torture Claims Appeal Board /
Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office |
Putative Respondent |
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and |
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Director of Immigration |
Putative Interested Party |
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| Before: |
Deputy High Court Judge K.W. Lung in Chambers |
| Date of Decision: |
11 November 2025 |
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D E C I S I O N
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The application
1. The applicant is an illegal immigrant by staying in Hong Kong without permission and he lodged a non-refoulement claim with the Director of Immigration (“the Director”). The Director rejected his application and he appealed to the Torture Claims Appeal Board (“the Board”). Having considered his evidence, the Board, by its Decision (“the Board’s Decision”), rejected his appeal and affirmed the Director’s Decision.
2. Pursuant to Order 53, rule 3(2) of the Rules of the High Court (“RHC”), the applicant filed Form No. 86 to apply for leave to apply for judicial review of the Board’s Decision.
3. By Form CALL-1 dated 25 March 2024 (“the court’s decision”), the Court dismissed his application for the reason that there is no realistic prospect of success in his intended application.
4. The court’s decision was sent to the applicant on 25 March 2024 at his last known address without being returned from the Post Office. He is deemed to receive the Judgment[1].
5. The time for filing the notice of appeal expired on 8 April 2024[2].
6. By summons filed on 29 August 2025, the applicant applied for appeal against the Court’s decision out of time. He is late for more than 1 year and 4 months.
7. In his affirmation support of his application, the applicant said that he was very late because he did not have the knowledge of the procedure and he considered that the Board did not have to power to adjudicate his appeal.
Discussion
8. Pursuant to Order 32, rule 11 and 11A and Order 53, rule 3(3) of the RHC, having considered the applicant’s reason, I decide to determine this application on paper without an oral hearing[3].
9. The Court will consider the factors as set out in AW v. Director of Immigration and William Lam [2016] 2 HKC 393 at para. 27(3) in considering if extension of time should be extended: (1) the length of delay; (2) the reasons for the delay; (3) the prospect of the intended appeal; and (4) the prejudice to the putative respondent if extension of time was granted. I shall consider the merits of his case.
10. In Re Adumekwe Rowland Ejike [2019] HKCA 702, the Court of Appeal held:
“19. The prospect of success of the intended appeal is important: the court will not grant extension for a hopeless appeal to be pursued, see Re Rahman Wasif [2019] HKCA 299 at [13]; Re Kpamou Gbotoi Bernard [2019] HKCA 168; and Re Irshad Muhammad [2018] HKCA 864 at [16].”
11. The applicant claimed that if refouled, he will be harmed or killed by his enemies because they disapproved his love affair with Ms Ganganpreet Karu. He also feared that he may be arrested by police due to a framed up dangerous drug charge.
12. The Director rejected his claim because it was not substantiated. He appealed to the Board.
13. Having considered the evidence, the Board dismissed his appeal for the reason that his evidence was not credible and the Board rejected it.
14. Those reasons under paragraph 7 are not valid reasons in support of his case. His lack of legal knowledge is not a valid reason, bearing in mind that it was his application and it had taken more than one year for him to realize that he should have the court’s result. His allegation that the Board does not have the power to adjudicate his case is simply contrary to the law.[4] The adjudicator is a member of the Board.
15. There is no valid reason from the applicant to challenge the Board’s Decision or the Judgment.
16. In the circumstances, I refuse to extend time for his appeal. Accordingly, I dismiss his application.
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(K.W. Lung) |
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Deputy High Court Judge |
The applicant was unrepresented.
[1] Re: Ravinder Singh [2023] HKCA 604, Hon Poon CJHC and Cheung JA, 28 April 2023
“17. The applicant had not filed any notice of change of address for service to notify of any changes in his address. According to the Court’s record, the Court’s decision was sent to the applicant’s last known address on 31 March 2022 by ordinary post. He was deemed to receive the same on the next following day, not being a specified day such as a Saturday or a general holiday. He was therefore deemed to have received the Court’s decision on 1 April 2022. ”
[2] The public holidays are included in the 14-day period as per Order 2(5) of the Rules of the High Court
2. Reckoning periods of time (O. 3, r. 2)
(5) Where, apart from this paragraph, the period in question, being a period of 7 days or less, would include a specified day, that day shall be excluded.
(35 of 1998 s. 5; 18 of 2016 s. 5)
[3] Ogbozor Tochukwu Eugene v Torture Claims Appeal Board/Non-refoulement Claims Petition Office and Director of Immigration [2022] HKCA 607, Hon Kwan VP and G Lam JA, 6 May 2022:
“16. … … In respect of his complaint of no oral hearing, the judge is entitled to decide the matter on paper pursuant to the Order 32, rules 11 and 11A and Order 53 rule 3(3) of the Rules of the High Court.”
[4] Appeal Board’s decision
(1) On an appeal against a decision referred to in section 37ZR, the Appeal Board may confirm or reverse the decision.
(2) On an application for a revocation decision under section 37ZM, the Appeal Board may allow or refuse the application.
(3) The Appeal Board must give its decision with reasons in writing.
(4) The Appeal Board’s decision is final.
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