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DCCC 1507/2024
[2025] HKDC 1545
香港特別行政區
區域法院
刑事案件2024年第1507號
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| 出席人士: |
江建嬅女士,為律政司檢控官,代表香港特別行政區 |
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黃立煒先生,由法律援助署委派的廖廣志律師事務所延聘,代表被告人 |
| 控罪: |
[1] 販運危險藥物(Trafficking in dangerous drugs) |
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[2] 在公眾地方管有攻擊性武器(Possession of offensive weapons in a public place) |
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判刑理由書
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1. 被告人在本席席前承認兩項上列控罪。
2. 控罪一涉及21.85克可卡因及1.76克氯胺酮。控罪二所管有的攻擊性武器則為兩支鐵棒。這亦是基於《公安條例》而作出的檢控。
3. 另外,被告人早前在本席席前被定其他罪行及判刑,現正就該案服刑57個月監禁(見DCCC 302/2023)。
4. 被告人要求本席就本案判刑。就此控方表示同意。本席遂接受雙方提議,顧及整體事情的發展而在本案接納被告人的認罪、求情及作出判刑。
5. 基於以上,閱讀本判詞的時候,務必也一併閱讀DCCC 302/2023的《裁決理由書》及《判刑理由書》才可充份了解本案的判刑。
6. 案情方面,控方指被告人在2024年3月17日晚上11時48分左右,截下一輛的士並前往屯門一地點,與一名站在該處的男子交談。被告人返回的士後不久,再指示的士司機載他到元朗石埗路西。抵達後,與另一名正在等候被告人的男子交談。交談完畢,被告人又再叫的士司機載他往錦上路牛徑村。抵達後,同樣地,又有另一名男子正在該目的地等候被告人。被告人與該名男子交談一會後,再指示的士司機駛往元朗同心村。
7. 整個過程歷時約50分鐘。當的士駛到同心村後,被告人打開車門,又與在該處等他的另一名男子交談。與此同時,一隊警員在同心村附近巡邏,留意到被告人坐在涉案的士上,形跡可疑,警員於是尾隨涉案的士。
8. 另一方面,被告人與該名男子(第四位)交談完畢後,叫的士司機載他返回屯門。當涉案的士駛到元朗舊墟路時,被告人表示需要小解而叫停車。被告人下車後,揹着斜孭袋走向一輛在附近停泊的旅遊巴。一直尾隨著涉案的士的警員則上前向被告人表露身分。被告人嘗試逃走,但隨即被警員截停。
9. 經搜查後,警方在被告人的斜孭袋內發現一個膠袋,載有一個可再封口膠袋,內再載有:
(a) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有140個可再封口較小膠袋,載有內含16.53克可卡因的共21.22克固體;
(b) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有10個可再封口膠袋,載有內含1.13克可卡因的共1.44克固體;
(c) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有10個可再封口膠袋,載有內含1.14克可卡因的共1.44克固體;
(d) 一個可再封口膠袋,載有內含1.13克可卡因的共1.43克固體;
(e) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有10個可再封口膠袋,載有內含1.11克可卡因的共1.40克固體;
(f) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有7個可再封口膠袋,載有內含0.81克可卡因的共1.03克固體;
(g) 一個可再封口膠袋,內有6個可再封口膠袋,載有內含1.76克氯胺酮的共2.11克固體。
10. 警方其後拘捕和警誡被告人,並在他身上檢獲現金港幣18,740元及兩部手提電話。案中檢獲的可卡因及氯胺酮據知巿值為港幣28,993.01元。以上是控罪一的案情。
11. 除此之外,當被告人下車後不久,的士司機在後座乘客位發現被告人留下了一個環保袋,內有兩支鐵棒及一件外套,於是報警。該兩支鐵棒每支長68厘,其中一端均用膠紙包着。
12. 被告人被帶返警署作進一步調查。在警誡下,被告人聲稱涉案兩支鐵棒是家中狗籠的零件。被告人之後被帶返其住所搜查。經搜查,並無發現任何狗籠。基於以上,被告人也承認控罪二。
13. 輕判請求方面,本席得悉被告人的個人背景及定罪紀錄。就本案的控罪一而言,被告人原則上是再犯。他亦是在DCCC 302/2023一案的保釋期間犯下本案,理應加刑。這點辯方亦不表異議,但提醒法庭不應把被告人一罰再罰或忽略事件的發展。
14. 本席會跟從HKSAR v Herry Jane Yusuph [2021] 1 HKLRD 290一案的步驟處理控罪一。本席接納,以本案案情而論,被告人是一名前線帶貨人員。不過案情指出被告人連番滙合四名不同人士,無論以組織販運毒品的角度來看,或以接觸不同買家來看,被告人的角色與行為都顯示比單一次,少量毒品交易的情況更嚴重。他看來並非一位純運輸者。當然,本席不可亦沒有因DCCC 302/2023的案情影響判斷。換句話說,被告人可以在早前擔當指揮,又不代表他在本案時或這一次繼續擔當指揮。
15. 說回判刑指引及採納適當間區,辯方指涉案可卡因的判罰處於5至8年之間的基準。氯胺酮則為2至4年。
16. 再考慮「以組合量刑方式(combined approach)」[1],辯方提供了以下數字:
荒謬法:6年0.2月
轉換法:5年11.2月
比例法:5年11.1月
17. 就這些計算,控方並不爭議。
18. 本席認為以整體案件的情節來看,不宜把被告人視為純「運輸者(courier)」而刻板地套用有關判刑指引,本席最終認為以6年作為量刑起點才告合適。
19. 基於再犯及保釋期間犯事,加刑6個月。以上78個月起點,因被告認罪,可減至52個月。如DCCC 302/2023一案,因被告人的求情以及他當年相對年輕,本席酌情減刑6個月。
20. 基於以上,控罪一的判刑為46個月。
21. 控罪二並沒有判刑指引。
22. 辯方盡責地提出《公安條例》第33條的性質及規定,直指判監是無可避免。
23. 從辯方引述的香港特別行政區訴陳健祥 [2025] HKDC 1007可見,溫紹明法官以4個月監禁處理同樣面對與本案相同的兩項控罪的被告人的管有攻擊性武器罪。本席有機會細心閱讀該判詞,並希望虛心地指出,有關分析詳細而具案例典籍支持,是十分有參價值的。
24. 本案亦沒有證據指出有關武器曾被或將會如何被使用。
25. 經整體考量,本席認為以4.5個月監禁作為量刑起點是合適。有關起點已顧及保釋期間犯上這項不同性質的控罪。因被告人認罪,減至3個月。因其他求情理由,酌情減至2個月。
26. 本席認為同期執行是合適,因此,就本案而言,總刑期為46個月,即時監禁。
27. 最後是再次以整體性原則考慮兩案的判刑。
28. 辯方提出受保期間犯事的要點在於新案有必要加重刑罰的同時,未必要與舊案分期執行。要旨是要顧及整體量刑原則。辯方引述:
“在HKSAR v Leung Ting Fung & Anor [2015] 1 HKC 290,上訴庭法官麥偉德認為在處理被告人在因其他罪行保釋期間再干犯罪行的情況時,應將此視為加重新案案情的因素,而非必然下令新案的刑期要與舊案分期執行,並要顧及量刑的整體原則(第296頁D至297頁G,第28至34段):
28. This appeal raises the question of how offences committed on bail should be treated and whether sentences imposed in respect of them must always be ordered to be served consecutively to any sentence the offender is already serving.
29. The starting point to answering this question is to determine how the fact that an offence has been committed whilst the offender was on bail, should be treated. It has long been recognised that the fact that offences are committed whilst on bail is an aggravating feature of those offences which entitles the judge to enhance his sentencing starting point for them.
30. The reason it is an aggravating feature is because, in terms of the offence, it demonstrates a serious disregard for the law and, in terms of the offender, it evidences a persistence in offending. Both of these matters add to the culpability of the offender and like any aggravating feature should be dealt with by an enhancement of the starting point.
31. However, comments do appear in some cases which may give the impression that when offences are committed by an offender whilst on bail, his sentences for those offences should invariably be ordered to be served wholly consecutively to sentences he is currently serving. One such case is HKSAR v Hoang Thi Thu Huyen CACC 195/2000; unreported, 4 August 2000, a case on which the respondent relied and from which it sought to derive the principle that if a defendant commits an offence whilst on bail, the sentence imposed should be ordered to be served consecutively.
32. In our view the courts in these cases were not seeking to expound a new legal principle or create an exception as to when the totality principle should be applied. Rather they were doing no more than setting out what they viewed was the just sentence in the particular circumstances of the cases before them and how, by the use of the power to order consecutive sentences, they would achieve the sentences they wished to impose on the offenders before them.
33. We can find nothing in the case law that says that, as a matter of principle, sentences for offences committed whilst on bail must be ordered to be served wholly consecutively to an existing sentence without regard to the totality principle. Certainly, the fact that offences are committed whilst on bail lends emphasis to the obvious conclusion that they are quite separate from the offences for which the offender is currently serving a sentence of imprisonment, but nevertheless in imposing sentence it remains necessary to have regard to the totality principle.
34. We are satisfied that the correct approach, consistent with sentencing principle, is to regard the fact that an offence was committed whilst on bail as a factor seriously aggravating that offence and to reflect the presence of this seriously aggravating factor by enhancing appropriately the starting point for sentence.”
29. 辯方亦點題指出,要避免「壓碎式刑期(crushing sentence)」,要求兩案同期執行。辯方引述以上判詞的第41段如下:
“41. These offenders are young, 21 and 22 years of age respectively, and hopeless at their chosen profession. Something must be done to discourage them from trying to become better burglars. The interests of the community lie in diverting them at this early age from a life of crime and encouraging their rehabilitation. This can be achieved by ensuring that the total sentence leaves them with a not too distant end to their incarceration; an end that is within sight and is, therefore, something that can give them some hope and a future to look forward to. To this end we order that their sentences for the present offences are to be served wholly concurrently with their existing sentences.”
30. 依本席之見,最終還是以公平為原則。畢竟被告人一錯再錯,兩宗案件的犯案日期與手法不盡相同。但作為前題也好,為把關角度也好,本席還須考慮兩宗案件一旦是在同一場合判決,本席會對被告人作出怎樣的整體性考量以達致足以反映其刑責,又不失平衡其他各項法律原則。
31. 本席認為本案的控罪一不及該案的控罪三嚴重。一則沒有利用未成年人士;二則未見得有長期的安排或組織;三則被告人的身份角色有異。如此看來,被告人是未有抽身,未有吸取被捕了的教訓之固而犯下大錯。本席認為兩案合併而論,前者是被定罪,後者為認罪,最終有一個達66個月的監禁才可收針對這名年輕罪犯之效。這亦代表要在上一宗案加上9個月才達到這樣的結果。總括來說,本案的46個月判刑不變。當中控罪一有9個月與該案的控罪分期執行。控罪二則與該案同期執行,總刑期為57(該案) + 9 = 66個月,即時執行。
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